The Role of Mobile Connectivity and Smartphone Availability in Promoting Digital Payments
Authors: Research Scholar Jigar K. Joshi, Associate Professor Dr. Pushpkant Shakdwipee
Abstract: The proliferation of mobile connectivity throughout semi-urban Maharashtra has radically transformed the adoption of digital payments in recent years. Through a mixed-method approach integrating both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, this study aims to analyze how the rise of mobile technology has directly influenced various financial transactions. The findings reveal that an overwhelming majority, 87.5% of consumers, now own smartphones, with 76.8% actively using at least one digital payment platform regularly. Small retailers who have adopted mobile payments themselves reported a significant 42% increase in the frequency of transactions being conducted. However, ongoing security concerns continued to hamper 34.2% of customers, while unstable cellular networks disrupted 45.1% of attempted payments. A comparative analysis with other verified research highlights how a reliable mobile infrastructure can vastly improve financial inclusion across India, yet trust issues, gaps in digital literacy, and the ongoing frustration of transaction failures remain key adoption challenges moving forward. The policy recommendations resulting from this study include strengthening financial education initiatives, focusing efforts on improving mobile network reliability nationwide, and finding ways to further incentivize small retailer participation in digital payments. Addressing these lingering barriers through targeted fintech innovations and supportive regulatory measures will be crucial toward cultivating sustainable digital financial ecosystems able to serve all citizens.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.61463//ijnrefm.vol.3.issue3.101
The Analytical Study On Quantitative Approach Towards Financial Performance Of Selected Nonprofit Organizations (NPOs)
Authors: Assistant Professor Mohan Kumar Naik T.M
Abstract: Nonprofit organization play a paramount importance in addressing various social, educational, health & environmental needs. They depend on different funding sources such as donations, grant, membership fees, and program fees to assist their operations and achieve their missions. Effective application of these funds is critical, as NPOs must balance the expenses. This study focused on qualitative analysis of the funding sources and their application in selected NPOs namely Smile foundation, Help age India, Akshaya Patra Foundation, Give India & Pratham. The study aims to explore & examine the funding sources & applications. Purposive sample of five NPOs were used in the study. The research examines annual reports from past two years i.e., 2021-22 & 2024-25 to gather comprehensive financial data. Lastly this study results that, the highest sources of fund has been raised and good financial conditions in Give foundation and Smile Foundation compared to the other nonprofit organizations.
Impact of Government Regulatory Framework on Effective Green Economy in Nigeria: Moderating Role of Corporate Finance
Authors: Yilshian Noel Nkup, Ogundare Nathaniel, Jide,Patience Sendi, Mrs Roseline, Nanbilip Bentu
Abstract: Nigeria’s pursuit of a green economy is vital for sustainable development amid environmental challenges. This study examines the impact of government regulatory frameworks on fostering an effective green economy, with corporate finance as a moderating factor. Using a survey of 256 executives from Nigeria’s commercial banks (population: 1,965), derived via Taro Yamane’s formula, moderated regression analysis via SPSS tested four hypotheses. Results show that regulatory clarity (β = 0.428, p < 0.001) and enforcement strength (β = 0.312, p < 0.001) significantly influence green economy outcomes, with corporate finance (green financing: β = 0.204, p < 0.01; ESG adoption: β = 0.187, p < 0.01) strengthening these relationships (R² = 0.704). All four null hypotheses were rejected, affirming the moderating role of corporate finance. Challenges include inconsistent enforcement and high financing costs. Recommendations include enhanced regulatory oversight, subsidized green loans, and ESG capacitybuilding. These findings contribute to sustainable development discourse in emerging economies.
DOI: http://doi.org/
CVP Forecasting Analysis For Managerial Decision Making (Financial Modeling Study)
Authors: Polus Ibrahim, Anmar Alaa, Assistant Professor Mr. Manoj Sangisetti
Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) forecasting analysis for TATA Steel Ltd., aiming to support managerial decision-making through financial modeling and performance forecasting. Historical data from FY2020 to FY2024 shows a strong upward trend in sales, with significant growth in FY2021 and FY2022, followed by a slight decline in FY2024. Using a CAGR of 23.58%, future sales are projected to reach ₹406,369.72 Cr by FY2029, offering a reliable basis for long-term financial planning and investment strategies. EBIT and contribution margin forecasts, derived through the marginal costing equation and CAGR method, indicate continued operational scalability. EBIT is expected to reach ₹55,538.28 Cr by FY2029, despite pressures from rising fixed and variable costs. The declining P/V ratio—from a peak of 57.24% in 2022 to a projected 37.34% in 2029—signals reduced margin efficiency, underscoring the need for vigilant cost control and strategic pricing. Rising fixed costs have pushed break-even sales higher, growing at an estimated 22% annually, reinforcing the importance of cost structure optimization in sustaining profitability. Despite these challenges, the Margin of Safety (MoS) is projected to increase significantly, reflecting enhanced financial resilience. Furthermore, a gradual decline in the Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) from over 3.0 to 2.73 suggests a shift toward a more stable and scalable business model. Together, these insights enable TATA Steel to better manage risk, align growth with profitability, and make informed, forward-looking decisions in a competitive market environment.
Financial Literacy On Financial Inclusion For Bank’s Sustainability
Authors: Assistant Professor Mr. Manoj Sangisetti, Hali Wamedh Salman
Abstract: Financial inclusion has emerged as a strategic priority for both developing and developed nations, with significant investments made in financial, technological, and human resources to strengthen economic participation across all societal segments. In this context, banks play a pivotal role in fostering economic development and ensuring the long-term financial stability of a country. However, the success and sustainability of financial inclusion require collaborative efforts from governments, financial institutions, and the public. This study focuses on assessing the level of financial literacy related to financial inclusion among individuals in Iraq, a developing economy. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to a representative sample of the population, with responses measured using a Likert scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques via SPSS software. The findings reveal a moderate level of overall awareness regarding various aspects of financial inclusion, with notable differences across specific areas. The results underscore the importance of enhancing financial literacy as a critical factor in increasing public participation in formal financial systems. The study concludes that improving financial literacy can significantly contribute to the sustainability and performance of banking institutions, ultimately supporting broader economic growth.
Circular Economy: A Comprehensive Review Of Concepts, Applications, And Future Directions
Authors: Assistant Professor Ritu Chahal
Abstract: The circular economy (CE) has emerged as a transformative framework aimed at decoupling economic growth from resource consumption and environmental degradation. Unlike the traditional linear model of “take-make-dispose,” the CE emphasizes designing out waste, keeping materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. This review synthesizes current literature on the concept, implementation strategies, sectoral applications, and policy frameworks, and identifies key challenges and future research directions to advance the global transition toward a more circular and sustainable economic model. This paper explores the foundations of the circular economy, its applications across industries, the enabling technologies and policies that support it, and the challenges and opportunities it presents for the future.
Circular Economy: A Comprehensive Review Of Concepts, Applications, And Future Directions
Authors: Assistant Professor Ritu Chahal
Abstract: The circular economy (CE) has emerged as a transformative framework aimed at decoupling economic growth from resource consumption and environmental degradation. Unlike the traditional linear model of “take-make-dispose,” the CE emphasizes designing out waste, keeping materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. This review synthesizes current literature on the concept, implementation strategies, sectoral applications, and policy frameworks, and identifies key challenges and future research directions to advance the global transition toward a more circular and sustainable economic model. This paper explores the foundations of the circular economy, its applications across industries, the enabling technologies and policies that support it, and the challenges and opportunities it presents for the future
DOI: http://doi.org/
Modern Problems of Economics and Management
Authors: Sarkar. S, Erochkina. O.A
Abstract: The 21st century was marked by countless changes and upheavals around the world that very much revealed a new age. This era of fast, sudden, and omnipresent change has serious implications for our future. In today’s fast-paced world, each organization needs new tools and methods to strengthen its effectiveness. Strong competition in the worldwide marketplace requires organizations to figure out ways to be competitive. Competitive advantage is achieved only by organizations that are ready for extreme changes and employ techniques and concepts of non-stop improvement. In order to obtain a competitive advantage, the context of continuous quick globalization, change, and development drives fresh ideas about the modes of activity and roles of organizations. New management strategies, such as a process-oriented approach, are necessary. Modern management is the foundation for creating a successful, market-competitive organization. To answer these issues, the study will focus on analyzing management theories and particular elements that separate today’s management from previous eras. Therefore, managers in modern businesses must recognize the critical role they play in helping their organizations accomplish their objectives. For this goal to be achieved, it is vital to apply modern achievements and technology in organizational management.
The Integration of Financial Technology within India’s Banking and Financial Services Industry
Authors: Dr. Sarang Javkhedkar, Dr. Anjali Shrungarkar, Dr. Atul Kulkarni
Abstract: The integration of financial technology (FinTech) in India’s banking and financial services industry has undergone a transformative journey, marked by a surge in digital payments, mobile banking apps, and the proliferation of innovative solutions. This evolution is characterized by the widespread adoption of mobile wallets such as Paytm and PhonePe, the government’s push for a cashless economy through Unified Payments Interface (UPI), and the rise of peer-to-peer lending platforms. Blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies have garnered attention, while regulatory initiatives, including sandboxes, have sought to balance innovation with consumer protection. The sector has seen the emergence of robo-advisors, InsurTech startups, and a move toward open banking, fostering collaboration between traditional banks and FinTech entities. Overall, the integration of FinTech in India reflects a dynamic ecosystem, driven by technological advancements and regulatory measures, shaping the future of financial services in the country.
Analysing The Financial Performance Of Indian Banks: A Comparative Study Of Public And Private Banks”
Authors: Assistant Professor Ms.Rupali Khurana, Anushka Verma
Abstract: The Indian banking sector is the backbone of the nation’s economic infrastructure, playing a crucial role in mobilizing savings, providing credit, and facilitating financial inclusion. Among the diverse players in this sector, public and private sector banks display significant differences in terms of structure, governance, customer service, and financial performance. This research paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of the financial performance of two prominent Indian banks—State Bank of India (SBI), representing the public sector, and HDFC Bank, representing the private sector—over a five-year period from FY 2019–20 to FY 2023–24.The study applies both ratio analysis and the CAMEL framework—which evaluates Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, and Liquidity—to comprehensively assess and compare the financial health and operational performance of the two banks. Key financial indicators such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Gross and Net Non-Performing Assets (GNPA & NNPA), Cost-to-Income ratio, and Capital to Risk-weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) were analysed. The findings reveal that HDFC Bank consistently outperformed SBI across most financial parameters, especially in profitability, asset quality, and operational efficiency. HDFC Bank demonstrated robust risk management practices, lower NPA levels, higher returns on assets and equity, and more efficient use of its resources. In contrast, SBI, despite being a market leader in terms of size and branch network, struggled with relatively higher NPA ratios and lower returns. However, it maintained strong capital adequacy and played a vital role in financial inclusion through its outreach and priority sector lending.This study also considers the impact of external events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the RBI’s policy interventions, and the 2023 merger of HDFC Ltd. with HDFC Bank, analysing how these factors influenced the banks’ financial performance. The research concludes that while private sector banks like HDFC Bank are more agile and profitable, public sector banks such as SBI are indispensable for their role in social banking and economic development. The study offers valuable insights for investors, policymakers, regulators, and academicians interested in understanding the evolving dynamics of Indian banking. It also emphasizes the need for public sector banks to adopt modern technology, improve governance, and reduce bad debts to remain competitive in the changing financial landscape.
Effective Service Delivery and Customer Loyalty – Evidence from Zamson Global Resources Limited, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Florence Eguonor Omonzejele, Abdullahi Jafar
Abstract: The study was carried out to examine the impact of effective service delivery on customer loyalty. Effective service delivery has become an issue by most local service providers in the Nigerian oil and gas, giving Multinationals competitive edge, with serious implications to the Nigerian economy. As a result, this investigated timeliness of delivery, order condition of deliverables, and ordering discrepancies handling as factors of effective quality delivery affecting customer loyalty, with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable in Zamson Global Resources Limited- A local service provider in the Nigerian oil and gas, located in Koko, Delta State, Nigeria. This is cross-sectional survey design, with a population of 400 customers, and a sample size of 150, determined through the purposive sampling technique (as questionnaire was administered to willing customers). Due to the effect of a mediating variable, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed as the estimation technique. The results revealed that whereas timeliness of delivery has no significant impact on customer loyalty; order condition of deliverables, and ordering discrepancies handling have significant impact on customer loyalty. The study, thus, concluded that effective service delivery has a significant effect on customer loyalty; and recommended that management should pay proper and adequate attention to total quality management, including logistics for effective quality delivery.
A Study on Favourable Environment Ecosystems for Fostering Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Assistant Professor Dr. N.Lalitha
Abstract: Women entrepreneurs play a crucial role in Economic Development. Women confined to four walls, doing only domestic chores that is not monetized is the history of the past. At present women enter the portals of self-employment equally with men by being entrepreneurs, creating many jobs and livelihood opportunities for many. Conducive environment ecosystems are essential to stimulate and foster entrepreneurs. Women need guidance, capital, mentorship, and networking opportunities, to thrive and succeed. Talent, leadership, and intermediary services are also required. So, it is essential to spot the location, ideas, and financial constraints, to make fundamental decisions. Favourable environment ecosystems are critical to the growth of individuals, into successful entrepreneurs. This paper has the objectives To study the socio demographic variables of respondents, to explore the fundamental reason behind women starting successful business, to study the various problems faced by women in entrepreneurial field, to study about the need for favourable environment ecosystems, to highlight the country’s score in entrepreneurship, to study the percentage of women owned MSME in India, to highlight the Government programs for fostering women entrepreneurs, to study the share of women-owned MSMEs to study about share of women owned by sector, to highlight the country’s score in entrepreneurship by Using questionnaire primary data was collected from 50 entrepreneurs in Thiruthuraipoondi using convenience sampling. The secondary data is obtained from websites and research reports. This paper states about the women involved in MSME and urges the policymakers to create favourable ecosystems conducive to nurturing entrepreneurship among women.
REVIEW ANALYSIS OF EQUITY SCHEMES OF HDFC MUTUAL FUND
Authors: Associate Professor Anitha G, Unnati Bansal, Sankalp Asthana
Abstract: Mutual funds have become a popular investment choice for individuals seeking diversification, professional management, and the potential for capital growth and income. This review paper aims to evaluate the performance of three equity mutual funds in India, representing different categories (large cap, mid cap, and small cap), over a five-year period. The study employs statistical and financial tools (standard deviation, beta, Sharpe ratio) to analyze the performance and risk characteristics of the funds. Data from the funds’ factsheets and third-party sources is used to calculate these measures and assess the funds’ volatility, correlation with the market, and risk- adjusted returns. Overall, the study provides insights into the performance and risk characteristics of different equity mutual fund categories in India. Investors can use this information to make informed investment decisions based on their risk tolerance and financial goals
DOI: http://doi.org/
Crop Insurance In A Changing Climate: Resilience, Exclusion, And Reform In PMFBY And RWBCIS
Authors: Pallavi Rai, Chandra Shekhar
Abstract: As climate change intensifies the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, Indian farmers face growing uncertainty in crop production. Government-sponsored insurance schemes, notably the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) and the Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS), aim to mitigate agricultural risk and promote resilience. However, these programs have faced criticism for structural inefficiencies, low enrollment, delayed compensation, and the exclusion of marginal farmers. This paper examines the design, implementation, and outcomes of PMFBY and RWBCIS in the context of a changing climate. Through policy analysis and recent case studies, it explores how these schemes can be reformed to enhance equity, responsiveness, and climate adaptability in India’s crop insurance architecture.
CASE STUDY (RAPIDO, IN-DRIVER, ETC)
Authors:Dr. Suvalagna Chandra
Abstract: In a competitive market, such promotions help Rapido stand out from other transportation services. By offering tangible benefits like free rides, Rapido can differentiate itself and attract users from competitors. Initiatives like free rides generate positive media coverage and word-of-mouth promotion. This helps in enhancing the brand’s public image and visibility, contributing to its overall marketing and communication strategy. In-Driver initially targeted smaller cities and regions that were underserved by other major ride-hailing companies. This strategy helped them establish a strong presence in areas with less competition before expanding into larger urban centers (India TV News). This paper explores the evolution, market penetration, user preferences, and operational challenges of ride-sharing and auto-taxi apps in India, focusing on Rapido, inDrive, and other notable platforms. By analyzing their business models, service offerings, and user satisfaction, the study aims to provide insights into the current landscape and future prospects of the industry.
A Study On Supply Chain System Of Manufacturing Steel Industry
Authors: Shahnawaz Alam
Abstract: The manufacturing industry, the backbone of global economies, relies heavily on a sophisticated and well-orchestrated supply chain system. Far from a simple linear progression, today’s manufacturing supply chains are complex, interconnected networks that encompass every stage from raw material acquisition to the delivery of finished goods to the end consumer. An efficient and resilient supply chain is not merely an operational necessity; it is a critical differentiator that determines a manufacturer’s competitiveness, profitability, and ability to meet evolving customer demands in a dynamic global marketplace. A manufacturing supply chain involves a series of integrated activities that transform raw materials into sellable products. Planning involves forecasting demand, setting production goals, and developing strategies to align supply with anticipated market needs. Effective planning includes demand planning, supply planning, material requirements planning (MRP), and sales and operations planning. Procurement stage focuses on identifying, evaluating, and selecting suppliers for raw materials, components, and other necessary resources. Strong supplier relationships, contract negotiation, and quality assurance are crucial here. Production and Manufacturing is the heart of the supply chain, where raw materials are transformed into finished products through various processes. Efficient production schedules, quality control, and cost-effective manufacturing techniques are paramount. Logistics and Distribution component deals with the physical movement, storage, and delivery of goods. It includes inbound and outbound transportation management, fleet management, warehouse management, and inventory control, ensuring products reach customers in a timely and cost-effective manner.
DOI: http://doi.org/
An Analysis Of Renewable Energy Source-Powered Membrane-Based Desalination Systems
Authors: Research Scholar Avunuri Rajendra Prasad, Dr. Rajesh Prabhakar Kaila
Abstract: The increasing demand for clean water in India, coupled with the urgent need to address environmental concerns, necessitates the optimization of desalination plant operations. Membrane-based desalination technologies have gained prominence due to their compact footprint and high efficiency. However, operational challenges and energy consumption remain critical issues. This study investigates the application of lean management principles to enhance the operational performance of Indian desalination plants. By integrating lean methodologies with renewable energy technologies, such as solar and photovoltaic systems, the research aims to improve efficiency, reduce waste, and lower environmental impact. The study reviews existing operational practices, identifies inefficiencies, and proposes lean-driven strategies tailored to the unique context of Indian desalination facilities. Emphasis is placed on achieving sustainable water production with reduced energy consumption while maintaining high-quality output. The findings provide a framework for future improvements in desalination operations that align with environmental sustainability and resource conservation goals.
Exploring the Role of Gender and Socio-Economic Status in Advancing Financial Inclusion in Rural Karnataka
Authors: Research Scholar Arbole Supriya Suresh, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Sriwastaw
Abstract: Gender and socioeconomic position are investigated in this research as they pertain to the promotion of financial inclusion in rural Karnataka. In order to discover patterns and obstacles to formal financial service access, the study uses a descriptive research approach to examine rural inhabitants’ demographics, banking activities, and socioeconomic profile. The poll used a structured questionnaire to gather information from 115 adults who were randomly selected to participate. The questions included topics such as demographics, banking habits, how often people use financial services, and how they feel about financial inclusion. We hope that by shedding light on the ways in which gender and socioeconomic status impact financial system involvement, we may identify specific locations that might benefit from tailored initiatives to increase financial inclusion and accessibility for people living in rural regions.
Exploring Public Attitudes on Gender, Culture, and Honesty in Television Advertising
Authors: Research Scholar Jyoti Sharma, Dr. Rajesh Prabhakar Kaila
Abstract: Commercials seen on television have a significant impact on people’s beliefs, their purchasing habits, and the way society values things overall. The public is very concerned about the ethical aspects of television advertising, especially with the portrayal of gender, cultural sensitivity, and honesty, as commercials are often the only way in which customers interact with firms. In this quantitative survey-based research, we look at how people feel about TV ads’ portrayal of gender, cultural awareness, and candor. Similarly, public opinion on cultural sensitivity in advertising is divided, with some saying they are unsure or disagree and others calling for more inclusive and respectful representations of many cultures. Although many people still express worry about deceptive claims, the public has a more favorable impression of ads that are honest and transparent. The need of marketers taking into account public expectations for truth, fairness, and inclusion in order to increase trust and relevance in television advertising is emphasized by this research. The importance of advertising that is more inclusive, sensitive, and honest is highlighted by these results.
Impact of Non-Performing Assets on SBI Depositors: An Analysis from April 2020 to March 2022
Authors: Research Scholar Andani Shankar Ghansham, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Sriwastaw
Abstract: The banking sector plays a pivotal role in the economic growth of any nation, with its performance significantly influencing the overall economy. In the context of the Indian banking sector, a pressing concern has emerged in the form of escalating Non-Performing Assets (NPAs), which has the potential to adversely affect the economy. This paper focuses on examining the impact of these NPAs on customers, particularly depositors of SBI. The study employs correlation analysis to uncover potential relationships between rising NPAs and their effects on depositors.
A Study on Public Opinion towards the Use of Modern Technology and its Impact on Teaching Learning Process
Authors: Assistant Professor Mrs. Bind R, Disha R Shetty
Abstract: Modern Technology And its Impact on Teaching Learning Process the modern technology has significantly transformed the teaching learning process, reshaping the way knowledge is delivered and acquired. This study is based on primary data collected to understand students opinions their purpose of using modern technology, and its overall impact on the teaching learning process. The data gathered using a structured questionnaire from a sample size of 97 students. Demographic details such as name, age, gender, and educational were also considered. The modern technology simplifies the learning process by providing easy access to information on specific saving time by reducing the need for physical classroom attendance. It allows students to learn at their own pace and convenience, thereby increasing motivation and engagement. This study also analyzes the students level of satisfaction, how technology influences their learning habits, and the challenges they face in integrating technology into their daily academic.
A Study On The Effects Of HR Practices On Employee Creativity And Innovation At BMC PET Cap And Bottle Manufacturing Company, Thanjavur
Authors: Swathi G
Abstract: In the current dynamic business landscape, creativity and innovation have become essential for organizational growth and sustainability. This study examines the influence of Human Resource (HR) practices on employee creativity and innovation within a structured organizational environment. The research focuses on key HR functions such as training and development, motivation, performance appraisal, and communication, and how they impact employees’ innovative behavior. Primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire, and relevant statistical tools were used for analysis and interpretation. The findings of the study reveal that supportive HR practices significantly contribute to enhancing employees’ creative potential. Among various practices, motivational strategies and skill-based training were found to have a stronger correlation with innovation. The study concludes that strategic HR management not only improves employee satisfaction but also plays a vital role in fostering a culture of innovation within the organization. This paper offers valuable insights for HR professionals aiming to enhance creativity in the workplace.
DOI: http://doi.org/
Evaluating Customer Experience in Quick Commerce: A Study on Speed, Convenience, and Satisfaction
Authors: Vishal
Abstract: Quick Commerce (Q-commerce) is swiftly reshaping urban retail by delivering goods at unprecedented speeds—often within 10 to 20 minutes—meeting modern consumers’ increasing need for immediacy and convenience. This rapidly growing retail model emphasizes not only fast delivery but also accessibility and responsiveness, raising new standards for customer expectations. This study explores the vital aspects influencing the customer experience on Q-commerce platforms, specifically focusing on speed, convenience, and overall satisfaction. The research is built upon simulated primary data collected from 50 urban users in multiple Indian cities, representing varied demographic profiles and shopping behaviors. Data analysis reveals a significant insight: while delivery speed remains a core feature of Q-commerce, convenience—defined by easy app navigation, flexible payment options, and product availability—has a stronger impact on overall satisfaction and customer loyalty. These insights point to a shift in consumer priorities, where a frictionless and user-friendly experience holds as much importance as delivery speed.
A Study of HR in Change Management during Digital Transformation
Authors: Associate Professor Dr. Grace Hemalatha, Mr.Aswin Prasad
Abstract: In the age of digital transformation businesses are using technology more and more to boost productivity, creativity, and competitiveness. But there are a lot of difficulties with this shift, especially when it comes to handling organisational change and worker adaption .Through the application of strategic change management techniques, human resources (HR) play a critical role in enabling seamless transitions. This study examines how important HR is to successful digital transformation ,with a focus on leadership support, employee engagement tactics, and change management tactics, and change management framework .The study emphasizes HR’s effort in overcoming change resistance, promoting a culture of continuous learning , and coordinating digital activites with organisational objectives through analysis of previous research and case studies.
A Study On The Effects Of HR Practices On Employee Creativity And Innovation At SPS Organics India Pvt. Ltd, Salem.
Authors: Arunkumar k
Abstract: This study explores the influence of Human Resource (HR) practices on employee creativity and innovation in the workplace. As organizations strive to remain competitive, fostering innovation through effective HR strategies has become a key area of focus. The study examines components such as recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal, motivation, and a supportive work environment to understand how they contribute to encouraging creative behavior among employees. Using a structured questionnaire and responses from 120 participants, the research identifies patterns and relationships between HR practices and the level of creativity exhibited by employees. Statistical tools such as correlation, chi-square, and ANOVA were used to analyze the collected data. The findings indicate that positive HR interventions significantly impact both the creativity and innovative contributions of employees. The paper concludes with suggestions for enhancing HR practices to cultivate a more innovative organizational culture.
A Study On The Effects Of HR Practices On Employee Creativity And Innovation At BMC PET Cap And Bottle Manufacturing Company, Thanjavur
Authors: Swathi G
Abstract: In the current dynamic business landscape, creativity and innovation have become essential for organizational growth and sustainability. This study examines the influence of Human Resource (HR) practices on employee creativity and innovation within a structured organizational environment. The research focuses on key HR functions such as training and development, motivation, performance appraisal, and communication, and how they impact employees’ innovative behavior. Primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire, and relevant statistical tools were used for analysis and interpretation. The findings of the study reveal that supportive HR practices significantly contribute to enhancing employees’ creative potential. Among various practices, motivational strategies and skill-based training were found to have a stronger correlation with innovation. The study concludes that strategic HR management not only improves employee satisfaction but also plays a vital role in fostering a culture of innovation within the organization. This paper offers valuable insights for HR professionals aiming to enhance creativity in the workplace.
A Study On The Impact Of Lean Manufacturing Practices On Operational Efficiency In Indian Manufacturing SMEs
Authors: Assistant Professor Dr. M. Ravichandran, Sanjeeve
Abstract: This study explores the adoption and effectiveness of lean manufacturing practices among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in India. The primary objectives were to assess the extent of lean tool implementation—specifically 5S, Kaizen, Kanban, and Value Stream Mapping—evaluate their impact on operational efficiency and waste reduction, and identify key challenges faced by SMEs in adopting these practices. Data collected from 202 respondents across various Indian manufacturing SMEs was analyzed using descriptive and correlation methods. The findings indicate a moderate level of lean adoption, with employee training being the most emphasized aspect. However, integration into daily routines and management support remain limited. A statistically significant yet weak correlation was found between employee training and reduction in production cycle time, while other lean tools did not show notable direct impact on operational outcomes. The study concludes that while lean awareness exists, its practical impact is hindered by incomplete implementation and organizational constraints, emphasizing the need for stronger leadership, structured integration, and capacity building.
A Study On Developmental Benefits Of Play Based Learning For Child Adolescent And Adult
Authors: Mrs. Bindu R,, Ms. Yashodha
Abstract: Play-based learning is an educational approach that uses play as the foundation for meaningful learning experiences. It supports the holistic development of children by enhancing cognitive, social, emotional, and physical skills. Key elements include child-led activities, exploration, creativity, and teacher-guided interactions that extend learning. This method fosters curiosity, problem-solving, communication, and collaboration in a natural, engaging way. Grounded in developmental and educational theories, play-based learning allows children to make sense of the world around them while developing critical life skills. It is especially effective in early childhood and primary education, promoting deeper understanding through active, hands-on experiences.
Profitability and Sustainability of Poultry Farming in Namakkal District: A Socio-Economic and Climatic Perspective
Authors: Dr Rajesh Sharma, Research Scholar Sushant Labh
Abstract: With an eye on the effects of climate change and socioeconomic variables, this research looks into the economic performance, structure, and difficulties of chicken farming in the Namakkal area of Tamil Nadu. A large portion of the eggs produced in the Indian state of Namakkal—popularly known as the “Egg City”—are exported from this location. This study takes an empirical tack by utilizing main data gathered from structured interviews with four distinct groups of 360 layer poultry farms, each classified according to bird strength. The data was analysed using statistical methods including Garrett’s ranking approach, correlation analysis, and a chi-square test. As per the findings, small-scale farmers have substantial operational and financial limitations, whereas bigger farms often produce more profits as a result of scale benefits. The most significant obstacles that surfaces were the high expense of feed, the spread of diseases, and the volatility of prices. In order to achieve sustainable development and fair growth in the poultry industry, the study draws attention to the socioeconomic differences among various types of farms and stresses the necessity for targeted interventions.
A Study On The Role Of Hr In Managing Workplace Diversity And Inclusion At Sps Organics India Pvt Ltd SALEM
Authors: Gopi.M
Abstract: Managing diversity and inclusion (D&I) has become a critical component of human resource (HR) strategy in modern organizations. This study investigates the role of HR in fostering workplace diversity and inclusion at SPS Organics India Pvt. Ltd., Salem. The primary objective is to understand how HR policies and initiatives influence an inclusive work environment and promote equal opportunities for all employees. Through structured questionnaires and interviews, data was collected from 120 employees across various departments. Statistical tools such as chi-square, correlation, and ANOVA were employed to analyze the responses. Findings indicate a significant relationship between HR efforts and employee perception of inclusivity and fairness. The study concludes that HR plays a central role in shaping a diverse and harmonious workplace culture. These insights are valuable for organizations aiming to implement inclusive policies and improve employee engagement and creativity
Bridging The Gap: Evaluating National Women’s Empowerment Policies In India
Authors: Dr. Devendra Kumar Pandey, Ms. Swati Tongar
Abstract: Despite decades of policy formulation and implementation aimed at empowering women in India, significant gaps persist between policy intent and actual impact. This research critically evaluates national women’s empowerment policies in India through a multi-dimensional lens. It investigates their alignment with socio-economic realities, implementation efficacy, and measurable outcomes. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining policy analysis, secondary data evaluation, and stakeholder interviews. Findings reveal both progress and persistent structural barriers that hinder full empowerment. The thesis offers strategic policy recommendations to bridge these gaps and enhance the effectiveness of future empowerment initiatives.
Bridging The Gap: Evaluating National Women’s Empowerment Policies In India
Authors: Dr. Devendra Kumar Pandey, Ms. Swati Tongar
Abstract: Despite decades of policy formulation and implementation aimed at empowering women in India, significant gaps persist between policy intent and actual impact. This research critically evaluates national women’s empowerment policies in India through a multi-dimensional lens. It investigates their alignment with socio-economic realities, implementation efficacy, and measurable outcomes. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining policy analysis, secondary data evaluation, and stakeholder interviews. Findings reveal both progress and persistent structural barriers that hinder full empowerment. The thesis offers strategic policy recommendations to bridge these gaps and enhance the effectiveness of future empowerment initiatives.
DOI: http://doi.org/
Cash Flow Statements Of Kotak Mahendra
Authors: Dr. C. Vindya Vasini, Bharath Rao
Abstract: This project presents an in-depth analysis of the cash flow statements of Kotak Mahindra Bank, a leading private sector bank in India. Cash flow statements are essential financial tools that provide insights into a company's liquidity, operational efficiency, and financial flexibility. The study focuses on examining the three major components of the bank’s cash flows: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities over a defined period. By analyzing the inflow and outflow of cash in each segment, the project evaluates how Kotak Mahindra Bank manages its resources to sustain growth, handle liabilities, and invest in future opportunities. The research utilizes annual reports, financial disclosures, and secondary data to interpret trends and draw conclusions about the bank’s cash position. The analysis indicates that Kotak Mahindra Bank maintains a stable cash flow from operations, reflecting strong core banking performance. Investment and financing activities are managed strategically to support business expansion while maintaining liquidity. The findings suggest that efficient cash flow management has played a key role in the bank’s financial stability and shareholder value creation.
DOI: http://doi.org/
GEN Y CONSUMERS ECO-CONSCIOUS DECISIONS ON GREEN PURCHASES
Authors: Dr.S.Robin, Dr.M.M.Shanmugapriya
Abstract: – Sustainable consumption is becoming more popular, especially among Generation Y consumers, as environmental concerns grow. The natural and environmentally friendly products of the traditional medical system known as Ayurveda have drawn a lot of interest. This study investigates the variables affecting Generation Y Ayurveda consumers' intentions to make green purchases. It looks at how social influence, eco-labeling, perceived customer efficacy, and environmental awareness affect their purchase decisions. The study uses a mixed-method approach, gathering data through interviews and surveys. The results offer guidance to legislators and marketers on how to promote sustainable consumption in the Ayurveda industry.
A Study on the Role of Marketing Strategy in Determining Consumer Purchasing Behaviour
Authors: Ramesh Kumar G, Assistant Professor Mrs.G. Surya
Abstract: This paper explores how marketing strategies significantly shape consumer behavior in competitive markets. Emphasis is placed on understanding how the marketing mix—product, price, place, and promotion—affects customer purchasing decisions. It also discusses how branding, digital tools, and promotional tactics contribute to shaping buying patterns. The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative data from a structured survey of 120 respondents. Statistical techniques such as percentage analysis, correlation, ANOVA, and chi-square were used for analysis. The findings suggest that a consumer-centric marketing approach, digital engagement, and effective promotional strategies can enhance customer loyalty and improve market performance. The paper concludes by offering insights into how businesses can realign marketing strategies to better meet customer expectations and improve competitiveness in dynamic environment.
A Study on Effectiveness of Marketing Strategy Measures towards PRS Ltd with Reference to Namakkal
Authors: Indumathi M
Abstract: This study explores the effectiveness of marketing strategies implemented by PRS Tyres in Namakkal and how they influence customer satisfaction and sales performance. The tyre industry, being highly competitive and cost-sensitive, relies heavily on strategic marketing tools such as pricing, promotional activities, advertising, and product quality to attract and retain customers. A descriptive research design was adopted, and data was collected from 120 respondents through a structured questionnaire. Analytical tools including Chi- square, correlation, and ANOVA were used to interpret the data. The findings reveal that advertisement channels, sales promotions, and pricing strategies significantly impact consumer behavior and brand preference. Most respondents showed high satisfaction levels with grip, durability, and after- sales service. The study recommends expanding digital marketing efforts, introducing customer-specific promotions, and strengthening dealer networks to boost overall performance. These insights can help tyre manufacturers refine their marketing approaches to enhance customer loyalty and competitive advantage.
A Comprehensive Study on the Principles and Practices of Financial Management
Authors: Manoj.M
Abstract: Financial management is a critical function in both corporate and personal settings, encompassing the strategic planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of financial activities. It involves the optimal utilization of financial resources to achieve organizational goals and ensure long-term sustainability. This research explores the core principles of financial management, including investment decisions, financing decisions, and dividend policy. It also examines the role of financial planning, budgeting, risk management, and financial analysis in driving business performance. The paper highlights the importance of sound financial practices in a rapidly changing economic environment and underscores how effective financial management contributes to increased profitability, operational efficiency, and stakeholder value. Through a comprehensive review of literature and real-world case studies, the study emphasizes the evolving role of financial managers in adapting to global financial trends, regulatory changes, and technological advancement
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15812615
Effect of Green Marketing on Buying Preferences of Youngsters
Authors: Associate Professor Dr.G.Anandhi
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate children's awareness of green items. Green products are those that are meant to be safe for the environment. Recycled materials and more energy-efficient manufacturing techniques are used to create green products. This study aims to determine the respondents' preferences, the factors that influence their preference for green products, their degree of awareness, and the impact of promotional campaigns. The study's foundation is primary data gathered from 100 Rewa City respondents who were chosen using judgment sampling using a well-designed questionnaire with closed-ended questions. The chi-square test, mean, and percentage were used to examine the data. The findings show that although young people are concerned about the environment, they do not know much about green items. They have demonstrated a favorable attitude toward eco-friendly products and a willingness to pay more for them. However, more research is needed to determine whether or not young people's familiarity and understanding will affect their purchasing decisions about eco-friendly products.
Unleashing Investment Potential: A Comprehensive Financial Analysis Of Bharti Airtel’s Performance And Prospects
Authors: Dr. Sabitha, Professor & Dean, Ashoka School of Business
Abstract: The telecommunications industry in India is marked by rapid technological advancements, regulatory changes, and intensifying competition. These factors create a dynamic environment for major players like Bharti Airtel, impacting their market position and influencing stock performance. As such, this study aims to critically evaluate Bharti Airtel's financial characteristics and its suitability as a long-term portfolio investment. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of Bharti Airtel as a prospective investment option within a diversified portfolio, focusing on its performance, risks, and potential contributions to an investor's risk-return objectives. The results indicate that while Bharti Airtel demonstrates potential for competitive returns, its exposure to sector-specific risks, high competition, and periodic regulatory uncertainties add layers of volatility that require careful consideration by investors. The findings underscore the importance of assessing industry dynamics and individual company performance within a strategic investment framework. This paper ultimately provides valuable insights for investors seeking to understand the role Bharti Airtel can play in a well-diversified portfolio and offers a foundation for making informed investment decisions in the telecommunications sector.
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Unleashing Investment Potential: A Comprehensive Financial Analysis Of Bharti Airtel’s Performance And Prospects
Authors: Dr. Sabitha, Professor & Dean, Ashoka School of Business
Abstract: The telecommunications industry in India is marked by rapid technological advancements, regulatory changes, and intensifying competition. These factors create a dynamic environment for major players like Bharti Airtel, impacting their market position and influencing stock performance. As such, this study aims to critically evaluate Bharti Airtel's financial characteristics and its suitability as a long-term portfolio investment. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of Bharti Airtel as a prospective investment option within a diversified portfolio, focusing on its performance, risks, and potential contributions to an investor's risk-return objectives. The results indicate that while Bharti Airtel demonstrates potential for competitive returns, its exposure to sector-specific risks, high competition, and periodic regulatory uncertainties add layers of volatility that require careful consideration by investors. The findings underscore the importance of assessing industry dynamics and individual company performance within a strategic investment framework. This paper ultimately provides valuable insights for investors seeking to understand the role Bharti Airtel can play in a well-diversified portfolio and offers a foundation for making informed investment decisions in the telecommunications sector.
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A Study On Consumer Brand Preference Of Skincare Soaps Puthanampatti
Authors: M.ANUMALINI, Dr.R.Mathivanan
Abstract: The study focuses on the consumer brand preference of skincare product of soap in Puthanampatti. The consumer behavior plays an important role in marketing of fast-moving Consumer goods and this behavior is effected by various factors also. The motive of this Paper is to identify the factors affecting consumer buying behavior towards FMCG products And finally effecting their decision-making process.The data for this study has beencollected Through questionnaire and findings have been theoretically presented. The paper revealsThat consumer behavior is largely effected by place,product,price,promotion,physiologicalAnd psychological factors. However, effect of these factors also differs from product to Product. The study was conducted in different of the puthanampatti and a sample of 175 respondents was collected to identify their appreciation level.
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A Study On Leadership Style And Organisation Performance In Vedha Milk Diary Thuraiyur Taluk Trichy District.
Authors: M. Nathiya, Mr. S.Saravanakumar, M. Nathiya Under the guidance of Mr. S.Saravanakumar
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between leadership style and organizational performance in Vedha Milk, a leading dairy company in India. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods. The study sampled 100 employees and 10 leaders from Vedha Milk's various departments. The impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on consumer loyalty in the fastmoving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. A qualitative approach was used, collecting data through in-depth interviews with 20 consumers. The findings suggest that CSR initiatives have a positive impact on consumer loyalty, particularly in terms of trust, satisfaction, and commitment. This study investigates the relationship between leadership style and organizational performance in Vedha Milk, a prominent dairy company in India. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative data from 100 employees and 10 leaders across various departments. Further more, the study finds a positive correlation between transformational leadership and organizational performance, including employee productivity, customer satisfaction, and financial performance. The findings suggest that Vedha Milk's leadership style has a significant impact on its organizational performance, emphasizing the importance of effective leadership in driving business success. A quantitative approach was used, collecting data from 200 employees across 5 companies. The results show that Vedha Milk's transformational leadership style is distinct from its competitors, who tend to adopt more transactional or laissez-faire approachers. This study examines the mediating role of employee engagement in the relationship between leadership style and organizational performance in Vedha Milk. A quantitative approach was used, collecting data from 150 employees.
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A Time-series Analysis Of Nifty Sectoral Indices: Evidence From 2015-2024
Authors: Dr. Salma Banu
Abstract: This study analyzes the performance, trends, and volatility of Nifty sectoral indices from 2015 to 2024. Utilizing time-series tools such as ARIMA, GARCH models, and trend analysis, the paper examines sector-wise return behavior, identifies key turning points, and evaluates the implications for investors and policymakers. The findings indicate that certain sectors like Nifty IT and FMCG have demonstrated consistent growth, while others have shown cyclical volatility, especially during macroeconomic shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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