Volume 3 Issue 2 Mar-Apr 2025

Human Resources Practices and Their Implications

Authors:-Associate Professor Dr.P.Shabanabi, Assistant Professor Mr.S.Sarfaraz Nawaz, Assistant Professor Mr.V.Harikrishna

Abstract- Human Resource Management (HRM) is a critical function in modern organizations, playing a pivotal role in talent acquisition, workforce development, and overall business strategy. This research paper explores key HR practices such as recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation, and employee relations. These practices are analyzed for their impact on employee satisfaction, productivity, and retention, as well as their legal and ethical considerations. Recruitment and selection processes are essential for attracting qualified candidates who align with the organization’s culture and goals. Various recruitment methods, including job portals, employee referrals, and campus hiring, contribute to workforce diversity and efficiency. Training and development programs ensure that employees acquire the necessary skills and knowledge to perform their roles effectively, fostering continuous professional growth and innovation. Performance management is another crucial aspect of HRM, incorporating goal setting, employee assessments, and feedback mechanisms. Methods such as 360-degree feedback and KPI-based evaluations help organizations measure and enhance employee performance. Compensation and benefits also play a significant role in employee motivation, with fair salary structures, incentives, and flexible work arrangements improving job satisfaction and engagement. Employee relations and workplace culture contribute to organizational harmony, with open communication, conflict resolution strategies, and inclusivity driving positive work environments. Ethical HRM practices ensure compliance with labor laws and protect employee rights, reinforcing trust and corporate responsibility. Technological advancements have significantly transformed HRM, with automation, AI, and data analytics streamlining HR operations, improving decision-making, and enhancing workforce management. Companies that integrate HR technology experience increased efficiency and effectiveness in talent management. The implications of HR practices on organizational success are profound. Effective HR strategies lead to higher profitability, reduced turnover, and enhanced customer satisfaction. Businesses that invest in strategic HRM gain a competitive advantage by aligning workforce planning with business objectives, ensuring sustainable growth.

An Empirical Study on Risk and Return Analysis of Automobile Sector

Authors:-Associate Professor Dr.Mangala Yaragatti, Dr. Anil Yaragatti, Mr.M.K.Sumant

Abstract- The study titled “Risk and Return Analysis of the Automobile Industry” is an in-depth examination of the financial dynamics within the automobile sector, aimed at understanding the risk-return trade-off that investors and companies face in this volatile industry. The automobile industry is one of the largest sectors globally, with significant contributions to both economic growth and employment. However, it is also highly susceptible to various market risks such as economic downturns, technological advancements, regulatory changes, and fluctuations in consumer demand. This study is based on comparative analysis of risk and return, volatility, profitability and F-test of five automobile companies Tata Motors, Mahindra & Mahindra, Maruti Suzuki, Hyundai Motors, and Toyota Motors.,based on closing prices of five years data from 2020 to 2024.Key risk factors include fluctuations in raw material costs (especially steel and aluminum), geopolitical issues affecting global trade, and technological disruption due to advancements like electric vehicles (EVs) and autonomous driving technologies. On the return side, the industry presents opportunities, particularly for investors who can identify firms with strong market positioning, brand value, and an effective response to industry trends.

A Comparative Analyis of Green and Sustainable Logistic Practices

Authors:-Kartik A Padaliya & Kush Bhuva

Abstract- The ESG factors gain more importance in investment analysis and decision-making. Carbon emissions produced by the transportation sector, which accounts for 13% of the global emissions are becoming a growing concern and have led to several initiatives aimed at slowing down the growth of carbon emissions and sustaining profits to avoid further degradation of the environment. This research focuses on people aged between 18 and 45 and studies the people’s acceptance of electric vehicles (EV) and e-logistics-based deliveries. The research studies the awareness level, the willingness to accept the adoption, and the perceived barriers to receiving the solutions offered by green logistics. The data was collected from 163 people respondents using a self-staining questionnaire. Findings were analysed using descriptive statistics, Statistical test analysis to identify relationships between demographic variables and preferences for certain types of logistics. Results show a moderate awareness but significant unwillingness to shift due to costs, infrastructural deficiencies, and comfort challenges. The study shows the need for policy changes, funding, and charging infrastructure improvements for EVs for the adoption of sustainable logistics solutions usage. The relevant concepts of this research are green logistics, sustainable supply chain management, e-logistics, electric vehicles, environmental sustainability, artificial intelligence in logistics, student attitude perception, consumer behaviour, barriers to the adoption of electric vehicles, and changes in logistics details.

A Study on Optimization of Inventory Management

Authors:-Dhwani D. Shah, Rishabhsinh V. Raj Assistant Professor Hasmukh Panchal

Abstract- This study investigates key aspects of optimization of inventory management in the logistics and supply chain industry, aiming to enhance customer satisfaction, analyse the contribution of inventory management optimization to risk mitigation in the supply chain and check the impact of improved inventory management optimization on sustainability in the logistics and Supply chain industry. Through comprehensive analysis and research, various strategies and practices are examined like cross-tabulation to optimization of inventory management. The study explores factors such as inventory, risks, customer satisfaction, technology benefits, and much more. Additionally, it investigates the impact of automation, demand forecasting, etc. By identifying best practices and various solutions, this research gives appreciated perception concerning policymakers & professionals seeking to better inventory management, customer satisfaction, risk mitigation, and checking the impact of improved inventory governance in today’s market environment.

Driving Operational Efficiency in Last-Mile Logistics Using IoT: A Study of India’s E-Commerce Ecosystem

Authors:-Mwenda Shikwesha,Yuvraj Singh, Professor Harshita Gaikwad

Abstract- The rapid growth of e-commerce in India has highlighted the significance of last-mile logistics, which accounts for up to 28% of total delivery costs and remains the least efficient stage of the supply chain (Luigi Ranieri et al., 2018). Efficient logistics management is crucial for ensuring seamless goods movement, minimizing disruptions, and optimizing costs (Christopher, 2016). The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative solution by enabling real-time data collection, automation, and predictive analytics, significantly improving logistics efficiency and decision-making (Atzori et al., 2010). Empirical evidence demonstrates the impact of IoT on logistics operations. IoT-enabled solutions have led to a 20% reduction in delivery errors and a 25% increase in operational efficiency for Amazon India (PwC, 2021). Smart tracking devices and IoT-driven sensors allow logistics firms to monitor goods in transit, ensuring optimal conditions for perishable products (Kelepouris et al., 2007). For instance, Nestlé India employs IoT-enabled sensors to maintain the quality of perishable shipments (Nestlé India, 2021). Additionally, IoT-based inventory management solutions utilizing RFID technology improve stock accuracy and prevent shortages or overstocking, reducing operational costs (Wamba et al., 2020). In transportation and fleet management, IoT solutions have enhanced route optimization, fuel efficiency, and vehicle tracking (Borgia, 2014). Logistics firms such as DHL and Blue Dart have implemented IoT-based fleet management systems, achieving a 15% reduction in fuel consumption and increased delivery accuracy (Deloitte, 2020). The rapid expansion of India’s e- commerce sector has accelerated IoT adoption in logistics, improving real-time tracking, automated dispatching, and last-mile delivery optimization.

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Digitalization on the Workforce

Authors:-Professor Harshita Gaikwad, Sunnykumar singh, Nishchay Sharma

Abstract- This paper explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on contemporary workplaces, focusing on its role in optimizing productivity, fostering collaboration, and reshaping traditional work dynamics. The study delves into the diverse applications of AI, including automation, machine learning, and natural language processing, highlighting their potential to streamline routine tasks and empower employees to engage in more strategic and creative endeavors. Additionally, the paper examines the challenges associated with AI implementation, such as ethical considerations and workforce adaptation. Through a comprehensive analysis, this research contributes to the ongoing dialogue on harnessing AI’s potential to create adaptive, efficient, and collaborative workplaces in the rapidly evolving landscape of the digital era. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in the modern workplace, reshaping the dynamics of industries and revolutionizing traditional business practices. This abstract delves into the multifaceted influence of AI in contemporary workplaces, highlighting its implications on productivity, job roles, decision making, and the broader socio-economic landscape.AI technologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing, have automated routine tasks, allowing employees to focus on more creative and strategic endeavors. This has the potential to boost productivity significantly, leading to operational efficiency improvements across various sectors. However, this transformative aspect of AI also raises concerns about job.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and its Influence on Consumer Perception

Authors:-Assistant Professor Dr. Prativindhya, Assistant Professor Dr. Shuchi Goel

Abstract- Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an essential element in modern business practices. This research explores the influence of CSR initiatives on consumer perception, examining how ethical, environmental, and social efforts shape brand reputation, customer trust, and purchasing decisions. The study employs qualitative and quantitative methodologies to analyze consumer attitudes towards CSR. Findings suggest that companies with strong CSR commitments gain a competitive advantage by fostering positive consumer relationships and loyalty.

A Study on Impact of Grievance Redressal Mechanism on Employees Job Performance

Authors:-Harsh Kumar Chand, Om Abhangrao, Assistant Professor Mrs. Harshita Gaikwad

Abstract- This study examines the impact of grievance redressal mechanisms on employee job performance. Effective grievance handling is crucial for maintaining workplace harmony, enhancing productivity, and ensuring employee satisfaction. The research explores various grievance types, causes, and handling mechanisms while assessing their influence on employee morale, absenteeism, and teamwork. Data was collected through surveys from employees across different organizations. Findings indicate that a well-structured grievance redressal system improves job performance, reduces conflicts, and fosters a cooperative work environment. The study underscores the need for transparent and prompt grievance resolution to enhance employee efficiency and organizational success.

Future Revelutionizing Logistics in India

Authors:-Assistant Professor Dr. Harshita Gaikwad, Shivain Pathela, Shivam Kumar Mishra

Abstract- Supply Chain Management (SCM) has gained significant importance globally since the 1980s. However, Indian companies initially overlooked its relevance due to a protected economy that limited competition. Until the 1990s, government regulations and licensing systems controlled most industries, reducing the need for efficiency-driven strategies like SCM. The liberalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s dismantled these restrictions, attracting global players and intensifying competition. This shift necessitated Indian businesses to adopt more efficient methodologies and strategic supply chain processes to remain competitive. With the entry of multinational corporations, Indian companies faced increasing pressure to optimize procurement, production, logistics, and distribution. Technological advancements and digital transformation further reshaped economic and trade relationships, pushing organizations to integrate SCM principles into their operations. As a result, more businesses today recognize SCM’s role in improving efficiency, reducing costs, and aligning with overall business goals. Despite its growing adoption, challenges such as infrastructure limitations, regulatory hurdles, and technological gaps remain. However, Indian companies are actively leveraging automation, data-driven decision-making, and sustainable practices to enhance supply chain performance. Additionally, academic institutions are incorporating SCM into their curricula, fostering innovation and strengthening industry-academia collaboration. This study examines the evolution of SCM in India, analyzing its increasing adoption in industries and academia. By understanding trends and challenges, it provides insights into the future trajectory of SCM, highlighting its crucial role in ensuring competitiveness and sustainable economic growth in an increasingly globalized market.

Difficulty in Ensuring Customer Satisfaction due to Delayed Delivers in E-Commerce

Authors:-Raj Patel, Nilay Pawar, Assistant Professor Hasmukh Panchal

Abstract- The rapid growth of e-commerce has significantly transformed supply chain management driving innovations in logistics, inventory management, and last-mile delivery. This study examines the impact of e-commerce expansion on SCM, highlighting challenges such as increased demand for speed, warehouse automation, and supply chain visibility. It also explores solutions like AI-driven demand forecasting, real-time tracking, and sustainable logistics. The findings suggest that businesses must adopt agile, technology-driven strategies to enhance efficiency and meet evolving consumer expectations in the digital marketplace.

The Integration of Real-Time Tracking Technologies in Supply Chains: Impacts on Efficiency and Customer Satisfaction

Authors:-Mayank Dwivedi, Gourav Dey

Abstract- The rise of real-time tracking technologies has transformed supply chain management by increasing efficiency, reducing costs, and improving customer satisfaction. Technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Global Positioning System (GPS), and blockchain enable businesses to track inventory, shipments, and logistics in real time. This research examines how these technologies enhance operational visibility, inventory accuracy, and customer trust. It also identifies key challenges such as implementation costs, cybersecurity risks, and integration issues. The findings suggest that businesses adopting real-time tracking can achieve faster deliveries, reduced losses, and higher customer satisfaction. This paper provides recommendations for companies seeking to optimize supply chain performance using real-time tracking solutions.

Future Trends of E-commerce Supply Chain in India

Authors:-Jigar Vyas, Vikash Tiwari, Professor Hasmukh Panchal

Abstract- The e-commerce sector’s rapid expansion has made supply chain management a critical factor for success. This abstract explores the future trends shaping e-commerce supply chains, emphasizing the need for agility, resilience, and sustainability. The convergence of technology, evolving consumer expectations, and global disruptions necessitates a comprehensive understanding of emerging strategies. Key trends include the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) for predictive analytics and automated decision-making. Blockchain technology is poised to enhance transparency and security across the supply chain. Furthermore, the rise of sustainable practices is driving businesses to adopt circular economy models and reduce their environmental impact. This research highlights the importance of strategic investments in technology, infrastructure, and talent development to navigate the complexities of the future e-commerce landscape. By embracing these trends, businesses can optimize their supply chains, enhance customer satisfaction, and achieve long-term competitive advantage.

Research Report on Artificial Intelligence in Logistics and Supply Chain Management

Authors:-Naveen Tiwari, Rijul Dhirubhai Patel, Assistant Professor Harshita Gaikwad

Abstract- Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing logistics and supply chain management with increased efficiency, optimized processes, and lower costs. AI-based technologies like machine learning, predictive analytics, and robotic process automation facilitate real-time decision-making, demand forecasting, and route optimization. All these have been improving inventory management, limiting disruptions, and satisfying customers. Predictive analytics is one of the key contributions of AI, allowing businesses to project demand fluctuations and optimize procurement. Automation in warehouses is enhanced by AI through intelligent robots and self-driving vehicles, minimizing labor and operational bottlenecks. AI route optimization in transportation optimizes delivery speed while minimizing fuel usage and emissions. AI is also important in risk management as it identifies possible disruptions and proposes alternative solutions. Natural language processing (NLP) and AI chatbots enhance communication within supply chain networks, facilitating smooth coordination among suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors. In addition, AI-based blockchain integration increases transparency and security in supply chain transactions. Despite these benefits, there are remaining challenges like steep implementation costs, privacy of data, and workers’ adaptation. These issues, however, are being addressed with ongoing improvements in AI technologies. Thus, AI is becoming one of the core drivers of digital transformation in logistics and supply chain management.

Route Optimization and Cost Reduction Strategies in Logistics

Authors:-Vikash Kumar Chaubey, Assistant Professor Hasmukh Panchal

Abstract- Route optimization and cost reduction are critical strategies in logistics, enhancing efficiency and profitability. Companies increasingly leverage advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and geographic information systems (GIS) to optimize routes, minimize delays, and reduce fuel consumption. Efficient route planning helps in avoiding traffic congestion, reducing idle time, and selecting cost-effective paths, thereby improving delivery speed and service reliability. Cost reduction strategies focus on fuel management, load optimization, and warehouse efficiency. Fuel costs, a major expense in logistics, can be minimized through fuel-efficient driving techniques, alternative fuel adoption, and real-time vehicle monitoring. Load optimization ensures maximum vehicle utilization, reducing empty miles and operational expenses. Warehousing improvements, such as automation, cross-docking, and just-in-time inventory management, help in streamlining operations and minimizing storage costs. The integration of Io T-enabled tracking systems and predictive analytic enhances supply chain visibility, enabling proactive decision-making. Collaboration with third-party logistics (3PL) providers and strategic partnerships also contribute to cost savings by sharing resources and optimizing fleet management. Additionally, sustainability initiatives like route electrification and carbon footprint reduction align cost efficiency with environmental responsibility. Overall, a combination of data-driven decision-making, automation, and strategic partnerships plays a vital role in logistics route optimization and cost reduction. Companies adopting these approaches gain a competitive edge by reducing operational expenses, improving delivery reliability, and enhancing customer satisfaction. Future trends indicate the growing influence of AI, block-chain, and autonomous vehicles in transforming logistics, further driving cost efficiency and optimization.

Analysing the Efficiency of Distribution Channels in the FMCG Sector for Primary Market Research

Authors:-Varun Mohan Patel, Bhargavi Vasava, Assistant Professor Harshita Gaikwad

Abstract- This survey aims to analyze the efficiency of distribution channels within the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, with a particular focus on primary market research. Distribution channels play a crucial role in ensuring that FMCG products reach consumers in a timely, cost-effective, and accessible manner. This research will explore various distribution strategies employed by FMCG companies, including direct and indirect channels, retail partnerships, e-commerce, and the use of modern technologies such as data analytics and supply chain automation. Through an in-depth survey of industry professionals, retailers, and consumers, the study will assess the effectiveness of these channels in terms of cost, speed, customer satisfaction, and market penetration. The findings will provide insights into the strengths and weaknesses of current distribution practices, highlight emerging trends in the sector, and offer recommendations for optimizing channel efficiency. Ultimately, the study seeks to provide valuable data for FMCG companies to enhance their distribution strategies and improve product accessibility in competitive markets.

Inventory Control Techniques in the Beverage Industry

Authors:-Ayush Vadgama, Professor Hasmukh Panchal

Abstract- The beverage industry would be hampered without effective inventory control with its advanced pace, products that are perishable during certain times, and supply chain complexities. The paper in this context examines various inventory control techniques adopted in the beverage industry such as Just-in- Time (JIT), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and ABC analysis. It observes how these methods can be involved in waste reduction, cost-saving, and product availability. It also draws attention to the technology role, such as inventory management system and data analytics, in the precision of forecasting and operational efficiency. Research shows that the application of strategic planning plus the proper integration of technologies in inventory turnover, stockpots minimization, and general profitability in the competitive beverage market has positive results.

Supply Chain Management of the Shoe Industry in India

Authors:-Amol Patankar, Professor Amol Baviskar

Abstract- The shoe industry in India is a significant contributor to the economy, characterized by a blend of traditional craftsmanship and modern manufacturing techniques. Effective supply chain management (SCM) is crucial for maintaining competitiveness, ensuring timely delivery, and meeting consumer demands.

Planning and Execution for Oil Refinery Project

Authors:-Amol Patankar, Professor Amol Baviskar

Abstract- Planning and executing oil refinery projects is crucial to ensuring efficient and sustainable oil processing and production. This document outlines the comprehensive approach to managing the development of an oil refinery project, encompassing phases from planning through to execution, highlighting key objectives, scope, methodologies, and expected outcomes.

Impact of Health Camps from NGOs on Social Health

Authors:-Amit Jaywant Dalvi, Assitant Professor Amol Baviskar

Abstract- Healthcare access remains a significant challenge in urban and semi-urban regions of India, particularly among marginalized communities. NGOs play a vital role in bridging healthcare gaps by organizing free health camps. This study evaluates the impact of health camps conducted by NGOs in Thane and Mumbai, focusing on accessibility, efficiency, and health outcomes. Using primary and secondary data sources, the research examines the effectiveness of such interventions in addressing healthcare disparities. The study also explores key determinants such as community participation, awareness, and post-camp follow-up services. The findings suggest that health camps significantly contribute to early diagnosis, preventive healthcare, and improved health awareness. The research provides recommendations for enhancing NGO-led health interventions to ensure sustainable healthcare improvements.

Optimizing Operational Performance through Lean Strategies

Authors:-Dinesh Koranga, Professor Amol Baviskar

Abstract- This study examines the effect of lean practices on productivity, waste reduction, product quality, and organizational efficiency in the manufacturing sector of Maharashtra in India. The research is based on data gathered from 43 manufacturing companies, through a structured questionnaire used to question employees and managers with over 5 years of manufacturing experience and awareness of lean principles. The study involves multiple regression analysis using SPSS to analyse the data collected through survey. The outcome of the study has elaborated that employee attitude and introduced methods are vital to the company performance and attainment of the objectives. The results suggest, especially the fact that lean practices can contribute significantly to improvement of productivity and customer satisfaction based on the quality of products and services. The study suggests that employee involvement and empowerment are essential to the success of lean implementation being the main success factors for it. It emphasizes the necessity for employee training, empowerment, and strategic syncing in successful lean implementation. Through laying these factors, manufacturers increase their operational performance and reach sustainable competitive advantages. This research paper provides real value for the practitioners and researchers targeting to improve their lean practices and, in the meantime, promote efficiency in organizations operating in the manufacturing sector, eventually advancing knowledge in lean management.

A Study on Buying Consumer Behaviour towards Mobile Phones

Authors:-Harsh Binaikia

Abstract- The present study aims to analyze consumer preferences and behavioral patterns regarding mobile phone usage among individuals in Bangalore. A sample of 100 respondents from diverse age groups, ranging from below 19 years to 50 and above, was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using statistical and graphical tools to identify key trends and insights. Results indicate that the majority of respondents (89%) belong to the 20–30 age group, with 75% identifying as students. A significant portion (43%) uses mobile phones primarily for entertainment, followed by work and study-related purposes. Regarding brand preferences, 37% use miscellaneous brands (such as Oppo and Realme), while Apple, OnePlus, and Samsung follow in popularity. The study also reveals that most consumers (87%) prefer smartphones over traditional keypad phones. Price sensitivity is varied, with the majority willing to spend between ₹10,000 and ₹40,000. Notably, 81% of respondents prioritize product features over brand or price when purchasing a mobile phone. The findings underscore the importance of mobile phone features in influencing purchase decisions, particularly among the student demographic.

Maximizing Manufacturing Efficiency and Excellence: Implementing Lean Six Sigma in the Automobile Industry to Optimize Assembly Line Performance

Authors:-Vaibhav Vasava, Pinjal Rathwa, Dipendrasingh Rathod

Abstract- This study explores the application of lean six sigma (LSS) tools to optimize automobile assembly line efficiency by addressing recurring defects and downtime. Through mixed-method analysis, critical inefficiencies such as welding flaws, paint inconsistencies, and fastener issues are identified. Tools like value stream sapping and failure mode analysis guide targeted improvements, demonstrating LSS’s potential to enhance quality and cut down on waste. The recommended solutions include automated inspections and standardized protocols, highlighting LSS as a transformative strategy for automotive manufacturing.

Effectiveness of Subscription Model in Modern Marketing

Authors:-Shiv Shukla, Richa Kumari, Dr. Sakshi Thakur

Abstract- – In today’s highly competitive and technologically advanced marketplace, businesses continuously seek innovative and sustainable marketing strategies to attract, engage, and retain consumers. One such approach that has gained significant traction in recent years is the subscription-based model. Originally associated with traditional industries such as publishing and entertainment, this model has expanded across various sectors, including software-as-a-service (SaaS), e-commerce, and digital media. The subscription economy has reshaped consumer purchasing behavior, providing companies with a stable revenue stream while offering customers convenience, personalization, and continuous access to services. However, despite its widespread adoption, questions remain regarding the model’s overall effectiveness in fostering customer satisfaction, brand perception, and long-term loyalty. This study aimed to explore the impact of the subscription model on consumer experiences, focusing on key factors that influence customer satisfaction and retention. Additionally, it examined the challenges businesses face in establishing and managing subscription services, particularly in balancing consumer expectations with sustainable business practices. A primary research question guiding this study was whether consumers perceived recurring payments as a beneficial feature or a financial burden and how this perception influenced their decision to subscribe and remain loyal to a brand. A descriptive research design was employed to analyse consumer attitudes toward subscription services. To gather primary data, an online survey was conducted using Google Forms, targeting a sample of 100 respondents, primarily aged 22-25 years. The selected participants were actively subscribed to popular digital services such as Netflix, Spotify, Amazon Prime, and YouTube Premium, allowing for an in-depth examination of real consumer experiences. The study sought to identify patterns in subscription behaviour, key drivers of retention, and areas of dissatisfaction. The findings revealed that perceived value played a critical role in determining subscription retention. Consumers cited financial considerations, convenience, and personalized content as primary motivators for maintaining their subscriptions. Many respondents valued the ability to access a wide range of services at a predictable cost, highlighting the importance of affordability and perceived cost-benefit balance. Personalized experiences, such as curated recommendations and exclusive content, further contributed to consumer satisfaction and engagement. However, despite these advantages, several concerns emerged. Many participants expressed worries about wasteful spending, particularly when they felt they were not fully utilizing the service. Additionally, complicated subscription terms and cancellation processes were significant pain points. Respondents reported frustration with unclear pricing structures, auto-renewal policies, and difficult cancellation procedures, which negatively impacted their brand perception and trust. Based on these insights, the study concluded that value delivery, transparency, and customer empowerment are essential for businesses aiming to sustain successful subscription models. Companies must prioritize clear communication regarding pricing, offer flexible plans that accommodate varying consumer needs, and simplify cancellation procedures to foster trust and loyalty. Providing a seamless, customer-centric experience is crucial in ensuring that subscribers perceive ongoing value in their memberships. Furthermore, the study recommended future research on regional preferences and the psychological effects of recurring payments, as consumer attitudes toward subscriptions may vary based on cultural, economic, and behavioural factors. Understanding these nuances can help businesses refine their strategies and improve customer satisfaction in diverse markets. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the evolving landscape of subscription-based marketing and provides actionable recommendations for businesses seeking to optimize their subscription models for long-term success.

A Study of Participation Level of Retail Mutual Fund Investors

Authors:-Research Scholar Preeti Sharma, Associate Professor Dr. Sushil Kumar

Abstract- Mutual funds have emerged as an important segment of financial markets and so far have delivered value to the investors. No industry can flourish without a proper regulatory mechanism. These initiatives would help towards making the Indian mutual fund industry more vibrant and competitive. This research paper explores the factors influencing retail participation in mutual fund investments, focusing on the demographics and behavioural patterns of investors. The study examines the role of various socio-economic factors such as gender, residence, occupation, age, education, and income in shaping retail investors’ decision to participate in mutual funds. Using data from a sample of 117 individuals, the analysis employs both descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including ANOVA and regression analyses, to identify significant determinants of mutual fund participation. The results reveal that residence is the most significant factor affecting participation, with urban investors showing higher engagement levels compared to their rural counterparts. Other variables such as gender, age, education, and income were found to have minimal impact on investor behaviour in the retail mutual fund market. The paper provides valuable insights into retail investors’ preferences, offering recommendations for mutual fund companies and policymakers to enhance investor outreach and participation, particularly in underserved segments of the market.

The Affordability Crisis in Mumbai’s Housing Market: Customer Perceptions of Rental Burden and the Search for Sustainable Living Solutions

Authors:-Assistant Professor Mr. Sabir Nasir Mujawar

Abstract- Mumbai’s housing market is facing an acute affordability crisis, with rental costs far exceeding sustainable income levels for a significant portion of the population. This study examines the extent of rental burden and its impact on the financial stability and quality of life of Mumbai’s residents. Using primary data collection, including online surveys and interviews with 300+ respondents, the research quantifies the proportion of income spent on rent and identifies key challenges in accessing affordable housing. The study further explores sustainable living solutions, such as co-living spaces, micro-apartments, and policy interventions, to mitigate the crisis. A core hypothesis tested in this research is whether rental costs exceeding 30% of income significantly increase financial stress. Statistical analysis, including t-Tests and Regression Analysis, is applied to validate the relationship between rental burden and compromised living conditions. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and real estate stakeholders, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative and sustainable housing solutions. By addressing both the economic and human impact of Mumbai’s housing crisis, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of urban affordability challenges and offers potential pathways for a more inclusive and sustainable housing market.

DOI: DOI:10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.3.issue2.102

Employee Compensation, Benefits, and Financial Well-Being: A Study of Their Impact on Organizational Performance

Authors:-Dr. Asha Jyothi

Abstract- Employee compensation, benefits, and financial well-being are integral components influencing both employee satisfaction and organizational success. This research paper explores how these factors contribute to employee engagement, job satisfaction, and productivity within organizations. By employing a mixed-methods approach that includes a survey of employees and a review of relevant literature, the study investigates the relationship between compensation, benefits, and financial well-being, and their impact on organizational performance. The survey results highlight that employees who are satisfied with their compensation and benefits demonstrate higher motivation, job satisfaction, and loyalty to their employer. Additionally, financial well-being plays a significant role in reducing stress, enhancing work-life balance, and improving overall job performance. The paper concludes by recommending that organizations invest in comprehensive compensation and benefits packages to improve employee well-being and, in turn, boost organizational outcomes such as retention, performance, and job satisfaction.

Integrating Sustainability in Higher Education: Career Choices among Management Students Based on Gender, Family, and Educational Background

Authors:-Professor Dr. Shyam Shukla, Assistant Professor M. Sridhar

Abstract- Integrating sustainability in academia is vital for meeting global challenges & shaping socially responsible future leaders. This study examines career preferences and the factors influencing them among 500 management students aged 20–30 years in Bengaluru’s Electronic City region. It identifies distinct trends shaped by gender, family structure, and educational background. Using structured questionnaires and interviews, the research highlights variations in aspirations, activity preferences, and career development approaches. The findings offer valuable insights for educators, recruiters, and policymakers in crafting strategies to meet the diverse needs of aspiring professionals.

Human Resource Management and Climate Change Resilience: An Exploratory Study of Organizational Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies in Nigeria

Authors:-Mbaeze Roseline Uzoamaka, Edwin Ihechituru Edwin

Abstract- As the world grapples with the existential threat of climate change, organizations in developing countries like Nigeria are faced with the daunting task of adapting and mitigating its impacts. This study explores the intersection of human resource management (HRM) and climate change resilience in Nigerian organizations, shedding light on the adaptive and mitigative strategies employed by these organizations to navigate the challenges of a changing climate. Through a qualitative research approach, this study reveals the critical role of HRM in enhancing organizational resilience to climate change, and highlights the need for Nigerian organizations to prioritize climate-resilient HRM practices in order to survive and thrive in a climate-uncertain future. Methodologically, the study used secondary data collection such as textbooks, magazines, newspapers, journals, and periodical reports. The study adopted qualitative descriptive analysis which is an aspect of content analysis as method of data presentation and analysis. The study found out among others that many Nigerian organizations lack awareness and knowledge about climate change and its impacts on their operations, making it challenging to develop effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Hence, the study recommends among others that Nigerian organizations should develop and implement climate-resilient HRM practices, including training and development programs, performance management systems, and employee engagement strategies. Thus, the paper concludes by demonstrating that HRM has a vital role to play in promoting climate change resilience in Nigerian organizations. By adopting a climate-informed approach to HRM, organizations can reduce their vulnerability to climate-related risks, enhance their adaptability and competitiveness, and contribute to a more sustainable future.

Studying the Share Price Determinants with Regard to EPS, Cash Flows, Market Capitalization ,PE Ratio and ROCE for Seeing their Impact on Market Price Per Share for last 10 Years Ending March 31st i.e. ( 2015-2024)

Authors:-Ms. Deepakshi, Mr. Gourav Kamboj, Ms. Taranpreet Kaur, Ms. Garima, Navneet Kaur

Abstract- This study investigates the relationship between key financial metrics and market price per share, focusing on Earnings Per Share (EPS), Cash Flows, Market Capitalization, Price-to-Earnings (PE) Ratio, and Return on Capital Employed (ROCE). The analysis spans a 10-year period, from 2015 to 2024, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors driving share price fluctuations. By examining the impact of these determinants on market price per share, this research aims to identify the most significant influencers and their relative importance. The findings of this study will enable investors, financial analysts, and corporate managers to make informed decisions, optimize investment strategies, and enhance corporate performance. The study’s results will also contribute to the existing body of knowledge on share price determinants, providing valuable insights for academics and practitioners alike. Ultimately, this research seeks to shed light on the complex relationships between financial metrics and share prices, facilitating a more nuanced understanding of the stock market’s dynamics. By exploring the interplay between these variables, this study will provide a deeper understanding of the factors that drive share price movements, enabling stakeholders to navigate the complexities of the stock market with greater confidence. The study’s conclusions will have implications for investment decisions, corporate strategy, and financial market regulation.

A Study on Optimising Incentive Structures to Enhance Food Delivery Partners Performance with Special Reference to Zomato, Coimbatore

Authors:-Mr. K. Manojkumar, Ms. S. R. Ramya

Abstract- With the fast-evolving gig economy, food delivery platforms like Zomato have been vital in urban logistics and employment. Therefore, delivery partners have found themselves at the operational ground underneath the influence exerted by incentive schemes set up by such platforms. The study assesses the relationship between incentive schemes with delivery partner performance, motivation, and satisfaction in Coimbatore. The study, based on a sample of 120 delivery partners who answered the structured questionnaires, finds that effective incentive schemes improve work hours, order acceptance, and general job satisfaction increases. The paper further suggests that an incentive structure that induces timeliness, transparency, and performance linkability in the payment scheme is the bedrock of retaining the delivery partners and delivery of service standard continuity.

Remote Work and Employee Engagement: A Study on HR Strategies in the Post-Pandemic Era

Authors:-Dr. Neha Bhat

Abstract- The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped global work culture by accelerating the adoption of remote work. With this shift, the role of Human Resources (HR) in ensuring sustained employee engagement became more crucial than ever. This research paper explores how HR practices evolved to meet the engagement needs of a distributed workforce. It analyzes emerging trends, digital tools, communication strategies, and wellness initiatives introduced by organizations post-pandemic. Using qualitative secondary data, the study identifies challenges, successful practices, and the future of hybrid engagement. The findings emphasize the need for flexible, empathetic, and technology-driven HR strategies.

Impact of RBI’s Digital Rupee on the Traditional Banking System in India

Authors:-Assistant Professor Mr. Sabir Nasir Mujawar, Associate Professor Dr. Shilpa Shinde

Abstract- This research examines the introduction and implications of the Digital Rupee (CBDC) by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) within the context of India’s evolving financial landscape. As a digital currency issued by the central bank, the Digital Rupee holds significant potential for enhancing financial inclusion, improving payment efficiency, and facilitating more effective monetary policy. However, its adoption has been slower compared to existing digital payment systems such as UPI, with only a modest increase in user and merchant participation, highlighting key challenges such as public awareness, trust, and infrastructure readiness. This study investigates the operational, regulatory, and policy challenges posed by the Digital Rupee, including risks to the traditional banking system, potential disintermediation of banks, and the increased competition from the RBI in the payment services sector. The research also explores the impact of the Digital Rupee on monetary policy, liquidity management, and its potential to reach unbanked populations, offering promising prospects for financial inclusion, particularly in rural and underserved areas. Additionally, the research draws global comparisons, considering the experiences of countries like China, to better understand the hurdles and opportunities for CBDC adoption. The study concludes by offering recommendations for banks, regulators, and policymakers to foster a supportive environment for the Digital Rupee, ensuring its success while addressing the challenges of security, privacy, and financial stability. Ultimately, this research aims to provide insights into the transformative potential of the Digital Rupee in shaping India’s digital financial ecosystem.

Strategic Synergies in Branding, Technology, and Leadership: A Multisectoral Study on Consumer Behavior, Digital Transformation, and Institutional Effectiveness in Contemporary India

Authors:-Associate Professor Dr. Shilpa Shinde, Assistant Professor Mr. Sabir Nasir Mujawar

Abstract- This study explores the dynamic interplay between branding, digital technology, and leadership across diverse sectors in contemporary India. Adopting a mixed-methods approach with both secondary sources and a quantitative sample of 150 respondents, the research investigates how strategic branding influences consumer behavior, particularly within the FMCG and healthcare sectors. It further examines the transformative impact of emerging technologies—such as the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and digital twins—on institutional performance, especially in agriculture and business innovation. Additionally, the study assesses the role of leadership in enhancing institutional effectiveness, focusing on faculty morale, patient satisfaction, and recruitment outcomes in education and healthcare. The findings highlight that branding, technology, and leadership do not operate in isolation but rather function synergistically to produce superior consumer engagement, organizational resilience, and sustainable sectoral growth. Based on these insights, the paper offers targeted recommendations for businesses, institutions, and policymakers, while also identifying opportunities for future longitudinal and sector-specific research.

Interdisciplinary Innovations in Marketing, Technology, and Sustainability: Exploring Consumer Behaviour, Service Quality, and Digital Transformation in India

Authors:-Assistant Professor Mr. Sabir Nasir Mujawar, Associate Professor Dr. Shilpa Shinde

Abstract- This research explores the intersection of marketing, technology, and sustainability in shaping consumer behaviour and driving innovation within the Indian context. With a growing emphasis on digital transformation and the increasing consumer demand for sustainable products and services, this study seeks to understand how technological advancements such as AI, blockchain, and IoT are influencing consumer expectations, service quality, and organizational strategies across diverse sectors, including healthcare, retail, and FMCG. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study gathers data from 1,000 respondents across six metropolitan and five tier-II cities in India. The research examines consumer responses to digital marketing and sustainable practices, evaluating the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction and retention. The findings highlight the growing importance of sustainability in consumer decision-making, as well as the role of digital technologies in enhancing operational efficiency and consumer engagement. The study also identifies barriers to the adoption of digital and sustainable practices, particularly in tier-II cities, and provides policy and industry recommendations for businesses seeking to integrate green technologies and ethical branding into their marketing strategies. The research concludes with insights into the future of interdisciplinary innovation in India’s evolving consumer landscape and outlines areas for further study, including the impact of the digital divide, the long-term effects of sustainability on brand loyalty, and the integration of advanced technologies in traditional industries.

Remote Work and Employee Engagement: A Study on HR Strategies in the Post-Pandemic Era

Authors:-Dr. Neha Bhat

Abstract- The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped global work culture by accelerating the adoption of remote work. With this shift, the role of Human Resources (HR) in ensuring sustained employee engagement became more crucial than ever. This research paper explores how HR practices evolved to meet the engagement needs of a distributed workforce. It analyzes emerging trends, digital tools, communication strategies, and wellness initiatives introduced by organizations post-pandemic. Using qualitative secondary data, the study identifies challenges, successful practices, and the future of hybrid engagement. The findings emphasize the need for flexible, empathetic, and technology-driven HR strategies.

Impact of Climate Change on GDP of India

Authors:-Dr. Sonam Arvind Singh, Swanand Mhatre

Abstract- This study examines the impact of climate change on economic growth in India by analyzing state and district-level data on climate variables and the growth rate of per capita real GDP. The research evaluates both the short- and medium-term effects of climate change on growth. The findings from state-level analysis suggest that rising temperatures have had a negative impact on economic growth between 1980 and 2023. These aggregate results are further reinforced by district- level analysis. The study reveals that higher temperatures significantly affect poorer districts, with a 1°C increase leading to an approximate 4.7 percent decline in the growth rate of district per capita income. Furthermore, rising temperatures not only have level effects but also influence growth, particularly in richer districts. Factors such as credit access, electrification, urbanization, and improved road and market networks may play a crucial role in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change on economic.

A Study on Gold Ornaments as an Investment Option by Women

Authors:-Juliet Mary K A, Professor Dr.C.Shalini

Abstract- The main theme of this research work is to find the women perception on investing in Gold ornaments. Gold ornaments have been used by Indian civilization since ages for both aesthetic as well as investment purposes. Investment is an economic activity of putting to productive use the money saved, to earn a reasonable return on the funds instead of keeping it idle undertaking a reasonable level of risk. The data has been collected from 150 respondents across the city of Chennai mainly focusing on women. The researchers have used convenient sampling method to collect the data. The study indicates that women tend to invest more on Gold ornaments rather. Gold has been a significant form of investment and cultural symbol in India, playing a crucial role in personal finance and societal customs. This study aims to explore the perceptions of women regarding investment in gold, focusing particularly on Chennai City in Tamil Nadu, India. Findings from the study shed light on the multifaceted nature of women’s perceptions towards gold investment, revealing insights into the role of tradition, financial security, and social dynamics. Understanding these perceptions is crucial for financial institutions, policymakers, and market analysts to design effective strategies and products that cater to the needs and preferences of female investors.

DOI: DOI:10.61463//ijnrefm.vol.3.issue2.152

A Study on the Impact of Diversity and Inclusion in the Workplace

Authors:-Assistant Professor Dr.P.Shalini, Bhuvaneshwari V

Abstract- Diversity and inclusion (D&I) play a crucial role in shaping modern workplaces by influencing employee engagement, job satisfaction, innovation, and overall organizational success. This study examines the effects of D&I on workplace dynamics, focusing on how an inclusive environment enhances teamwork, boosts creativity, and improves decision-making through diverse perspectives. Additionally, it explores the challenges associated with implementing D&I initiatives, such as unconscious bias, employee resistance, and insufficient leadership support. Using quantitative method, this research highlights the advantages of a diverse workforce and provides recommendations for fostering an inclusive organizational culture. The findings reveal that organizations with strong D&I practices experience higher employee morale, greater productivity, and a competitive edge. Ultimately, this study emphasizes the importance of inclusive workplace strategies in driving sustainable business growth.

Comparative Analysis Of The Financial Statements According To IFRS And GAAP

Authors: Marin Zaya, Joseph Khorani

Abstract: International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are two prominent accounting systems used globally. While they provide comparable purposes, variances in their principles may influence financial statement reporting, especially for multinational businesses (MNCs) operating across borders. The major purpose of this research is to undertake a comparative examination of IFRS and GAAP in the context of financial statement reporting, analysing differences in presentation, recognition, measurement, and disclosure. A quantitative research methodology was used, using trustworthy third-party sources and secondary data gathered from the official website of a chosen multinational firm. A comparison of the company’s financial statements over a one-year period made using GAAP and IFRS to examine differences in financial metrics and presentation forms between the two accounting standards, statistical tests were performed using SPSS, including the paired sample t-test and the chi-square test. There was no significant correlation between the accounting system and the way financial items were presented. Similarly, despite a small average numerical difference of 17,728.82 units, the paired samples t-test (p = 0.172) revealed no statistically significant difference between reported values under IFRS and GAAP. Additional evidence for the uniformity in financial reporting came from a perfect correlation (r = 1.000) between the numbers under the two standards. According to the study’s findings, there aren’t any notable distinctions between GAAP and IFRS with regard to the numerical values or presentation of financial statements. This supports the comparability and dependability of financial reporting by indicating that adopting either standard has no appreciable impact on the structure or data presented.