Authors: Assistant Professor Ritu Chahal

Abstract: The circular economy (CE) has emerged as a transformative framework aimed at decoupling economic growth from resource consumption and environmental degradation. Unlike the traditional linear model of "take-make-dispose," the CE emphasizes designing out waste, keeping materials in use, and regenerating natural systems. This review synthesizes current literature on the concept, implementation strategies, sectoral applications, and policy frameworks, and identifies key challenges and future research directions to advance the global transition toward a more circular and sustainable economic model. This paper explores the foundations of the circular economy, its applications across industries, the enabling technologies and policies that support it, and the challenges and opportunities it presents for the future

DOI: http://doi.org/