1. Challenges Faced By New Start-Ups
Authors:-Khyal Jadav, Debashish Roy
Abstract- The journey of a new startup is fraught with hurdles and obstacles that test the resilience and adaptability of entrepreneurs. This study aims to elucidate and analyze the multifaceted challenges encountered by emerging startups in today’s dynamic business environment. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of literature and empirical research, this paper identifies key challenges faced by new startups across various dimensions, including but not limited to, financial constraints, market competition, regulatory compliance, talent acquisition, and technological disruptions. Through qualitative analysis of case studies and interviews with startup founders and industry experts, this research provides nuanced insights into the nature and impact of these challenges on the survival and growth of startups. Furthermore, this study examines the interplay between different challenges and the strategies employed by startups to mitigate their adverse effects. By exploring real-world examples and success stories, this paper offers practical recommendations and best practices for aspiring entrepreneurs and stakeholders to navigate the turbulent waters of startup ventures.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.104
2. Green Finance in India: Progress and Challenges
Authors:- Mr. Gourav Kamboj
Abstract- The term “green finance” describes financial agreements designed specifically to be used for initiatives that address the effects of climate change on the environment or that embrace sustainable practices. The goal is to increase the amount of money flowing to sustainable development initiatives from the public, private, and not-for-profit sectors through banking, microcredit, insurance, and investment. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has been collaborating with various nations, financial regulators, and the finance sector to align financial systems with the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda in order to steer financial flows to support the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. A wide range of financial services and products fall under the umbrella of “green finance,” which can be broadly classified into banking, investing, and insurance products. Examples of these include green bonds, climate risk insurance, green investment funds, and green-tagged loans. It is advised to launch a sustainable stock exchange program to create stock price indices that monitor a group of companies’ stock performance in accordance with environmental, social, and governance (ESG) principles. Around the world, there are four different regulatory frameworks. The first is the disclosure of sustainability by financial and non-financial enterprises; the second is directed and concessional lending; the third is the formation of green financial institutions; and the fourth is the micro- and macro-prudential regulations of financial and non-financial institutions. India began focusing on green finance in 2007 and implemented a number of financial and fiscal incentives. “Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainable Development, and Nonfinancial for Banks” was the name given by the RBI to the project. The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) was created in 2008 with the goal of outlining a comprehensive framework for policy in order to mitigate the effects of climate change. Other initiatives, such as “The Climate Change Finance Unit,” were created in 2011. India set a very ambitious goal in 2019: by 2030, it wanted to generate 450 GW of renewable energy.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.105
3. Anti-Disruptive Effect of Industry 4.0 on SCM: A Qualitative Study on Selected Indian Construction Companies
Authors:- Ms. Pawani Reddy, Dr. Sanjeev Mishra, Dr. A. K. Chaturvedi
Abstract- Rationale: Growing expectations and need of stakeholders followed with technological advancements at different ends of the Supply Chain (SC) are making the entire chain quite complex, and prone to disruptions and indecisive. To manage several aspects associated with the continuity of business processes, it become imperative to manage the supply chain risks associated with disruptions implicitly and explicitly. In this context interest of the academicians, researchers and industrialists for Industry 4.0 and related technologies for managing the disruptions of SC is burgeoning. The principal objective of the present research work is to qualitatively assess the relative effect of the Industry 4.0 tools and technologies on the SC visibility and flexibility which leads into making the SC more repressible and robust.
Methodology: The research work was carried out in two different stages. In first stage extensive review was performed over the studies related with the disruptions in SC to identify the major challenging aspects and in consequent section analysis is presented.
Conclusion: This research work confirms that Industry 4.0 tools and technologies are effective in building a resilient and robust SC at different stages. It is also noticed that Industry 4.0 tools and technology applications result into more explicit and implicit benefits to the SC in pre-turmoil and reclamation stage.
Practical Contribution: The research work may help to know about the key areas of the SC followed with the application of Industry 4.0 tools and technologies to make the SC more resilient and robust for continuity of business.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.106
4. Business Risk Management Ideology and Entrepreneurial Development of Students in Tertiary Institutions in Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors:- Alli Noah Gbenga
Abstract- This study investigated the relationship between Business Risk Management (BRM) ideology and the entrepreneurial development of students in tertiary institutions within Southwestern Nigeria. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected from a sample of 1918 students across five federal universities in the region. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire designed to gather information on risk identification, risk assessment and evaluation, risk mitigation and control strategies, entrepreneurial intentions, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial behavior. The findings suggest a positive relationship between BRM ideology and the entrepreneurial development of students. Specifically, risk identification was found to significantly influence entrepreneurial intentions (p < 0.01) and self-efficacy (p < 0.05). Risk assessment and evaluation also demonstrated a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial intentions (p < 0.01), self-efficacy (p < 0.01), and entrepreneurial behavior (p < 0.05). Additionally, risk mitigation and control strategies were found to significantly contribute to entrepreneurial intentions (p < 0.01), self-efficacy (p < 0.01), and entrepreneurial behavior (p < 0.01). These findings highlight the importance of integrating BRM education into the curriculum of tertiary institutions in Southwestern Nigeria. By equipping students with the knowledge and skills to identify, assess, and mitigate potential risks, they are better prepared to navigate the challenges and uncertainties inherent in entrepreneurial ventures. This, in turn, can contribute to the growth of a vibrant and resilient entrepreneurial ecosystem in the region.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.107
5. Tata Digital’s Acquisition of BigBasket: A Strategic Analysis of Synergies and Challenges in the
Indian E-grocery Market
Authors:- Shrikant Jaiswal
Abstract- This case study examines Tata Digital’s strategic acquisition of BigBasket, a leading player in India’s burgeoning online grocery market. The research investigates the underlying motivations driving this merger and acquisition (M&A) deal, with a specific focus on the strategic fit between both entities, financial implications, regulatory compliance, and challenges of cultural integration. By analyzing the market dynamics, financial performance, and regulatory landscape, this study aims to uncover the potential synergies and risks associated with the acquisition. The findings shed light on the evolving landscape of India’s commerce sector and the strategies employed by conglomerates like Tata to expand their digital footprint and capture market share in the rapidly growing online grocery segment. Additionally, the study delves into the complexities of integrating diverse organizational cultures and the regulatory hurdles faced in high-stakes M&A transactions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the success of M&A deals in emerging markets and offers valuable insights for both practitioners and academics in the field of corporate restructuring and strategic management.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.108
6. Assessment of Uptake of Poultry-Based Risk Insurance Policy by Poultry Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors:- Adewale Abidemi Aremu
Abstract- This study assessed the uptake or adoption of the poultry-based risk insurance policy by poultry farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria. Ondo State was selected due to the number of the population of poultry farmers and the viable organization of the farmers into an association named Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN). The specific objectives of this research were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the poultry farmers in the study area; examine the level of awareness among poultry farmers in Ondo State, regarding the poultry-based risk insurance policy.; assess the factors influencing the decision of poultry farmers in Ondo State to adopt or reject the poultry-based risk insurance policy; evaluate the perceived benefits and challenges associated with the uptake of the poultry-based risk insurance policy among poultry farmers in Ondo State; and, explore the perceptions and attitudes of poultry farmers in Ondo State towards risk management and insurance practices in the poultry industry. Through the organized association, primary data were randomly collected from 120 registered farmers in six Local Government Areas across the three senatorial districts (2 LGAs each) of the State. Additionally, to buttress some of the objectives, data were collected from six insurance companies offering poultry insurance policy and four agricultural credit lending financial institutions present in Ondo State. Well structured questionnaires were administered to the respondents using interview method. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and probit regression model. Empirical results revealed that a majority of respondents (76.7%) considered insurance to be important for their poultry business. However, only 23.3% of respondents reported having farm insurance. The results of the Probit regression analysis suggest that years of experience and awareness have a significant impact on the likelihood of being insured, while other factors such as age, education, household size, income, and affordability do not show statistically significant associations with insurance uptake.
The mean age of the respondents was approximately 33years. Among the respondents, seven individuals (5.8%) identified as female, while the majority of respondents, 113 individuals (94.2%), identified as male. These results show that youth and female participation in poultry farming was very low. The majority of respondents (68 individuals, 56.7%) had 6-10 years of experience, while 32 respondents (26.7%) had 11-15 years of experience. A smaller proportion of respondents (8 individuals, 6.7%) indicated having 16 or more years of experience in the poultry farming industry. This implies that majority of the respondents had enough experience to participate in poultry farming and would be productive.
Cross-tabulation of many variables was done to determine the significance of each of them to adoption of poultry-based poultry insurance. It was recommended that various channels, including government agencies, insurance companies, agricultural cooperatives and poultry Association of Nigeria be used to popularize the need for insurance cover for poultry farms. Insurance companies should design the policy in a tailored manner that will encourage poultry farmers to uptake insurance policy.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.109
7. Measuring the Impact of Social Media Influencer Collaborations on Brand Trust and Consumer Loyalty
Authors:- Tiana Kukreja
Abstract- In recent years, marketing has dramatically shifted with the rise of influencer marketing. Social media influencers (SMIs) with significant followings and authenticity are now pivotal in reaching target audiences, bolstering brand awareness, and driving revenue. Brands collaborate with SMIs, creating a symbiotic relationship that promotes products and enhances brand appeal. Understanding the impact on brand trust and consumer loyalty requires examining alignment with target audiences, influencer reach, engagement levels, follower demographics, and brand sentiment. Influencers provide a more relatable alternative to traditional endorsements, reshaping marketing paradigms. This study explores how influencer marketing affects consumers using a social media influencer value model that highlights advertising value and source credibility. An online survey reveals that informative, trustworthy, attractive, and relatable influencer content boosts trust in branded posts, increasing brand awareness and purchase intentions. Additionally, the study examines how demographic factors like gender, income, and education affect the relationship between SMIs and choice imitation, offering insights for strategies to enhance brand loyalty and consumer engagement.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61463/ijnrefm.vol.2.issue3.110
8.A Study on Understanding Public Perceptions of Central Bank Digital Currency: A Qualitative Exploration of Benefits, Concerns, and Potential Impact
Authors:- Vidhi Nayyar, Vedang Khopkar
Abstract- The present study aims to delve into the perception of the youth and working class of India about CBDC- a new financial technology backed by the Reserve Bank of India. The study will help to understand the various perspectives and insights about this novel technology and thus try to comprehend and infer on its various implications, possible benefits, drawbacks and changes it would bring in place due to its adoption. This study sheds light on the application of concepts like centralisation, blockchain technology and smart contracts, which are integrated into it.
9. Women Empowerment through Financial Literacy: Building a Sustainable Future
Authors:- Research Scholar Sukhada Koppikar
Abstract- Investing in women’s financial literacy is not just an ethical imperative, but a strategic investment in a more sustainable future. This paper explores the crucial link between financial literacy and women’s empowerment, emphasising its impact on individual well-being, economic growth, and societal progress. Women empowerment goes beyond simply having rights on paper. It requires access to resources, decision-making power, and the ability to influence outcomes without undue social or economic pressure. It’s not just about financial independence, but also about freeing women from dependence on men or family for basic needs and opportunities. This includes social, cultural, and political independence as well. The statistic of 50% economically dependent women highlights the vastness of the issue in India. It emphasises the need for widespread and targeted interventions to address this challenge. This paper examines the financial behaviour and product knowledge of working women in Maharashtra. Financial literacy consists of combining efforts of knowledge and skills with saving and investment behaviour to generate wealth. Financial products are complex and require rational planning and a deep understanding of the basic functioning of financial products. Proper planning of income is crucial for leading a debt-free and financially healthy retirement. Financial product literacy consists of knowledge of financial worth, PPF, Equity shares, Preference shares, Recurring deposits, Bonds, Mutual Funds, SIP’s, Market regulator RBI and insurance coverage. Urban working women need to actively participate in financial planning and investing. This is possible if they possess the knowledge and tools of investing. The study aims to understand the present levels of financial literacy both basic and advanced possessed by urban women.
